CLOSE\u003c/h2>\u003cp >The word cryptic – descended from the Greek \u003cem >kruptikos –\u003c/em> means concealed, hidden, secret, or occult. Zoology focuses on the first two definitions and means “serving to conceal or camouflage.” Cryptic plumage, usually subtle patterns of soft browns or greys, is a defensive adaptation; artfully-arranged stripes, spots, or shading breaks up the structural lines of an animal, rendering it visually indistinct.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","actions":["eNQ8y60TMZ_"],"cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eY2mXqZ5Jpi","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© Natural England/Allan Drewitt, Flickr\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"euVkPzBMDTD","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Description\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"ehMbAexqMxL","type":"section","children":["e-e0sppb3T8","e36qWYFQj3Y","emIj2sO04pt","eY2mXqZ5Jpi","euVkPzBMDTD"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ehSL9HfQmKc","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"efi19R7R-uY","content":{"text":"\u003cp >They have greyish-brown upper parts with dark streaking, a pale brown hindneck collar and a white moustachial line. Their closed wing is grey with buff spotting, and their underparts are greyish-brown, with brown barring and buff spots. Their legs and feet are brown.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"erQUWAYM4o5","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© Gaetan Mineau, Flickr.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"eiPzCXvjRB9","type":"section","children":["ehSL9HfQmKc","efi19R7R-uY","erQUWAYM4o5"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e9X9Bs63Jsw","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"e92b1XzIvKC","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Adults have a flat, broad head, a blackish bill surrounded by long, sensitive bristles, large eyes with a dark brown iris, and excellent night vision. \u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"ejSDEOb9ud7","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© Oleg Kosterin, iNaturalist\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"eINASCWQn_e","type":"section","children":["e9X9Bs63Jsw","e92b1XzIvKC","ejSDEOb9ud7"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ek_dX2Dbo69","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"eGDaBQ9WQ6R","content":{"text":"\u003cp >They have long wings and tails, and, in flight, male nightjars can be distinguished from females as they have a white band on their wings and white tips to the two outer tail feathers. Their soft plumage gives them tremendous buoyancy and allows them to fly silently.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"ePHJ-gQxgtY","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© Óscar Mendez, iNaturalist\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"eWXZqZgaUBO","type":"section","children":["ek_dX2Dbo69","eGDaBQ9WQ6R","ePHJ-gQxgtY"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"egw0tztlmAQ","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"e9u57c_AOAi","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© Вячеслав Ложкин, iNaturalist\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"eZNlR9HaH2c","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690471009812,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":3,"delay":1,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690471184529,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":2,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690471184529,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":2,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}}}},"type":"wFynYMEB_7I","cl":"wFynYMEB_7I"},{"key":"ehOiDzVPmlT","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Did you know?\u003c/h2>\u003cp >Nightjars use a unique comb-like structure on their middle claw to preen and perhaps remove parasites.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pnnWIa61OTk","type":"text","actions":["eZNlR9HaH2c"],"cl":"text pnnWIa61OTk"},{"key":"ezmPn4pNoGE","type":"section","children":["egw0tztlmAQ","e9u57c_AOAi","ehOiDzVPmlT"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e2VNlUxFTcf","content":{"loop":true,"videoId":"XXCjp4OUw_M","autoplay":false},"type":"youtube","icons":{"logo":[576,512,"M549.655 124.083c-6.281-23.65-24.787-42.276-48.284-48.597C458.781 64 288 64 288 64S117.22 64 74.629 75.486c-23.497 6.322-42.003 24.947-48.284 48.597-11.412 42.867-11.412 132.305-11.412 132.305s0 89.438 11.412 132.305c6.281 23.65 24.787 41.5 48.284 47.821C117.22 448 288 448 288 448s170.78 0 213.371-11.486c23.497-6.321 42.003-24.171 48.284-47.821 11.412-42.867 11.412-132.305 11.412-132.305s0-89.438-11.412-132.305zm-317.51 213.508V175.185l142.739 81.205-142.739 81.201z"]},"cl":"youtube"},{"key":"eEAK_8Hm8xi","type":"section","children":["e2VNlUxFTcf"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eKdUpfLHYVr","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Song and calls\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eyfEzlBWqIV","content":{"text":"\u003cp >The male Nightjar’s song is a long churring trill, with 30 to 40 notes per second, lasting up to 10 minutes, with periodic shifts of speed or pitch. It can be heard from 200m away and carries as far as 600m in good conditions. They sing primarily at dusk and dawn and dislike singing in the rain or other poor weather. \u003c/p>\u003cp >They sing from a perch, often moving around their territory to use different song posts. The finale is often a bubbling trill and wing-clapping, perhaps due to a female approaching. However, wing-clapping does not involve contact between the wing tips over the bird’s back. The sound is produced as each wing cracks down in a whiplash-like way.\u003c/p>\u003cp >The female does not sing, but in flight, all nightjars will give a short \u003cem >cuick, cuick\u003c/em> call. Other calls include a sharp \u003cem >chuck\u003c/em> when alarmed and an assortment of \u003cem >wuk, wuk, wuk\u003c/em>, muffled \u003cem >oak, oak\u003c/em> and murmurs when on the nest. Adults and larger young birds have a threat display with wide open mouths and loud hissing.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eak5IHm9bEl","content":{"controls":true,"auto":false,"variant":2,"rangeColor":"f58220","rangeBg":"ffffff","color":"ffffff","upload":{"size":2281878,"name":" Song XC657534 - European Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus europaeus.mp3","type":"audio/mpeg","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/25kcm- Song XC657534 - European Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus europaeus.mp3"},"title":"Nightjar song"},"type":"w781zgam","icons":{"play":[512,512,"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm115.7 272l-176 101c-15.8 8.8-35.7-2.5-35.7-21V152c0-18.4 19.8-29.8 35.7-21l176 107c16.4 9.2 16.4 32.9 0 42z"],"pause":[512,512,"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm-16 328c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V176c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h48c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v160zm112 0c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V176c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h48c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v160z"]},"cl":"w781zgam"},{"key":"eJAGDeTwTO1","content":{"controls":true,"auto":false,"variant":2,"rangeColor":"f58220","rangeBg":"ffffff","color":"ffffff","upload":{"size":524224,"name":" Call XC657460 - European Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus.mp3","type":"audio/mpeg","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/fvu0- Call XC657460 - European Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus.mp3"},"title":"Nightjar call"},"type":"w781zgam","icons":{"play":[512,512,"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm115.7 272l-176 101c-15.8 8.8-35.7-2.5-35.7-21V152c0-18.4 19.8-29.8 35.7-21l176 107c16.4 9.2 16.4 32.9 0 42z"],"pause":[512,512,"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm-16 328c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V176c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h48c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v160zm112 0c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V176c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h48c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v160z"]},"cl":"w781zgam"},{"key":"et7A4CcPSZi","content":{"controls":true,"auto":false,"variant":2,"rangeColor":"f58220","rangeBg":"ffffff","color":"ffffff","upload":{"size":176959,"name":" Flight call XC562921 - European Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus.mp3","type":"audio/mpeg","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/5cpv- Flight call XC562921 - European Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus.mp3"},"title":"Nightjar flight call"},"type":"w781zgam","icons":{"play":[512,512,"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm115.7 272l-176 101c-15.8 8.8-35.7-2.5-35.7-21V152c0-18.4 19.8-29.8 35.7-21l176 107c16.4 9.2 16.4 32.9 0 42z"],"pause":[512,512,"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm-16 328c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V176c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h48c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v160zm112 0c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V176c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h48c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v160z"]},"cl":"w781zgam"},{"key":"e3iHA5WmUEu","content":{"controls":true,"auto":false,"variant":2,"rangeColor":"f58220","rangeBg":"ffffff","color":"ffffff","upload":{"size":216664,"name":" Alarm Call XC675386 - European Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus.mp3","type":"audio/mpeg","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/6jio- Alarm Call XC675386 - European Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus.mp3"},"title":"Nightjar alarm call"},"type":"w781zgam","icons":{"play":[512,512,"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm115.7 272l-176 101c-15.8 8.8-35.7-2.5-35.7-21V152c0-18.4 19.8-29.8 35.7-21l176 107c16.4 9.2 16.4 32.9 0 42z"],"pause":[512,512,"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm-16 328c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V176c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h48c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v160zm112 0c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V176c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h48c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v160z"]},"cl":"w781zgam"},{"key":"eFnwAq3OEDk","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Guy Kirwan, XC657534. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/657534\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"eeKIPqK--73","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Graham Clarke, XC657460. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/657460\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"etNb8_fiSed","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Huw Lloyd, XC562921. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/562921\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"efh3POLkuaz","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Will Scott, XC675386. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675386\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"ezSnH1LJI8r","type":"frame","children":["eak5IHm9bEl","eJAGDeTwTO1","et7A4CcPSZi","e3iHA5WmUEu","eFnwAq3OEDk","eeKIPqK--73","etNb8_fiSed","efh3POLkuaz"],"cl":"frame"},{"key":"eYF0OpfOvdu","type":"section","children":["eKdUpfLHYVr","eyfEzlBWqIV","ezSnH1LJI8r"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"epblskt-8i6","content":{"src":{"key":"iAk2oQ8Ckl","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/iAk2oQ8Ckl.png","ratio":1.2079395085066162}},"type":"image","cl":"image"},{"key":"eaThqEwJLyt","content":{"text":"\u003cp >You can find nightjars across much of Britain, wherever there is suitable habitat. \u003c/p>\u003cp >Typically they nest in heathland and young conifer plantations. However, they can also be found in coastal moorland, Sweet Chestnut coppice and sand dunes. \u003c/p>\u003cp >They have been recorded in two distinct areas of Suffolk, along the coast and northwest of the county.\u003c/p>\u003cp >While their population increased by 35 per cent between 1992 and 2004, they are still Amber listed under the Red List for Birds, meaning they are a species of conservation concern. The lack of available breeding habitat is considered a significant issue for them.\u003c/p>\u003cul >\u003cli >The \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://data.bto.org/trends_explorer/?species=Nightjar\">BTO Trends Explorer \u003c/a>shows Nightjar population changes.\u003c/li>\u003cli >An overview of the year-round movements of Nightjars in Europe can be seen on the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://eurobirdportal.org/ebp/en/#home/CAPEUR/p52weeksprev/CAPEUR/p52weeks/\">EuroBirdPortal viewer\u003c/a>. \u003c/li>\u003c/ul>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"exYGwBEgS9a","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Distribution in Suffolk\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pEUMzEEbbgq","type":"text","cl":"text pEUMzEEbbgq"},{"key":"eTaestTJWNy","type":"section","children":["epblskt-8i6","eaThqEwJLyt","exYGwBEgS9a"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eaJD2dIPVmI","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.suffolkbis.org.uk/bird_atlas\">Suffolk Bird Atlas\u003c/a>\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"edhX8nL5_tO","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Suffolk Bird Atlas 2007–11, Nightjar maps\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"ez8gLtrEl2L","content":{"images":[{"key":"P0CRwYQ5ab"},{"key":"A0-Zecb2tE"}]},"type":"slideshow","icons":{"prev":[256,512,"M238.475 475.535l7.071-7.07c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L50.053 256 245.546 60.506c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971l-7.071-7.07c-4.686-4.686-12.284-4.686-16.97 0L10.454 247.515c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971l211.051 211.05c4.686 4.686 12.284 4.686 16.97-.001z"],"next":[256,512,"M17.525 36.465l-7.071 7.07c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971L205.947 256 10.454 451.494c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971l7.071 7.07c4.686 4.686 12.284 4.686 16.97 0l211.051-211.05c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L34.495 36.465c-4.686-4.687-12.284-4.687-16.97 0z"]},"cl":"slideshow"},{"key":"emPJeQKUBiC","type":"section","children":["eaJD2dIPVmI","edhX8nL5_tO","ez8gLtrEl2L"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"emc_nM5SQfI","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Lifecycle\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pEUMzEEbbgq","type":"text","cl":"text pEUMzEEbbgq"},{"key":"eJRJexkua22","type":"section","children":["emc_nM5SQfI"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"euAk96WIRML","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"ewetKlsQNwI","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© Chris Moody, Flickr\u003c/p>"},"preset":"p8ph7kzLjPK","type":"text","cl":"text p8ph7kzLjPK"},{"key":"eTLRk549YzN","type":"section","children":["euAk96WIRML","ewetKlsQNwI"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"erWHHSlVEUd","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Nightjars arrive in the UK from southern Africa during the spring, usually around April-May and spend the summer months here before migrating back during September.\u003c/p>\u003cp >They usually breed from late May to August. They do not build a nest but instead lay eggs directly on the ground among plants, tree roots, or beneath a bush or tree. The nest site may be bare ground, leaf litter or pine needles. It is often reused for several years. They lay one or two eggs, usually speckled with browns and grey, and will have one or two broods. \u003c/p>\u003cp >Their cryptic plumage is invaluable in disguising them from predators during their 18-day incubation period. The female does most of the work, but the male stays nearby and will sit on the eggs for short periods around dusk and dawn. The chicks fledge around 17 days after hatching, have downy brown and buff plumage, and, once fledged, look similar to adult females. \u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pEUMzEEbbgq","type":"text","cl":"text pEUMzEEbbgq"},{"key":"eNJ7r4ZyL3g","content":{"src":{"key":"PDkGX1vpTi","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/PDkGX1vpTi.jpeg","ratio":1.3333333333333333}},"type":"image","cl":"image"},{"key":"e6WUBSwx_Pl","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Ira Han, iNaturalist\u003c/p>"},"preset":"p8ph7kzLjPK","type":"text","cl":"text p8ph7kzLjPK"},{"key":"ex7sWqcrIEM","type":"section","children":["erWHHSlVEUd","eNJ7r4ZyL3g","e6WUBSwx_Pl"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"espnBCAuvm5","content":{"text":"\u003cp >In 2018 Ben Locke was lucky enough to observe a nightjar nest in the Forest of Dean and documented these highlights of chick rearing.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pEUMzEEbbgq","type":"text","cl":"text pEUMzEEbbgq"},{"key":"eEV34pWscyW","content":{"loop":true,"videoId":"Of98bfttuLg","autoplay":false},"type":"youtube","icons":{"logo":[576,512,"M549.655 124.083c-6.281-23.65-24.787-42.276-48.284-48.597C458.781 64 288 64 288 64S117.22 64 74.629 75.486c-23.497 6.322-42.003 24.947-48.284 48.597-11.412 42.867-11.412 132.305-11.412 132.305s0 89.438 11.412 132.305c6.281 23.65 24.787 41.5 48.284 47.821C117.22 448 288 448 288 448s170.78 0 213.371-11.486c23.497-6.321 42.003-24.171 48.284-47.821 11.412-42.867 11.412-132.305 11.412-132.305s0-89.438-11.412-132.305zm-317.51 213.508V175.185l142.739 81.205-142.739 81.201z"]},"cl":"youtube"},{"key":"eE1vtUqXrZ3","type":"section","children":["espnBCAuvm5","eEV34pWscyW"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eGcuGRRe8uO","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Adults moult their body feathers after breeding, pause the process while migrating, and replace their tail and flight feathers once they reach their wintering grounds, where their moult is completed between January and March. Immature birds follow a similar moulting pattern to the adults unless they are from a late brood, when the entire moult may happen after migration.\u003c/p>\u003cp >The typical lifespan for a Nightjar is four years. However, the BTO’s oldest recorded Nightjar from ringing records was 12 years old.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pEUMzEEbbgq","type":"text","cl":"text pEUMzEEbbgq"},{"key":"euSA1bYaERP","type":"section","children":["eGcuGRRe8uO"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e2C91oCorOs","content":{"duration":5,"hideArrows":true,"animate":true},"type":"wkNntt_BJR","icons":{"left":[256,512,"M231.293 473.899l19.799-19.799c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L70.393 256 251.092 74.87c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L231.293 38.1c-4.686-4.686-12.284-4.686-16.971 0L4.908 247.515c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971L214.322 473.9c4.687 4.686 12.285 4.686 16.971-.001z"],"right":[256,512,"M24.707 38.101L4.908 57.899c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971L185.607 256 4.908 437.13c-4.686 4.686-4.686 12.284 0 16.971L24.707 473.9c4.686 4.686 12.284 4.686 16.971 0l209.414-209.414c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L41.678 38.101c-4.687-4.687-12.285-4.687-16.971 0z"]},"cl":"wkNntt_BJR"},{"key":"eh5mlsfD753","content":{"text":"\u003cp >The Nightjar’s diet comprises invertebrates, including moths, flies and beetles. Like other birds, they will also eat grit to help their digestion. \u003c/p>\u003cp >They spend nights hunting by sight, silhouetting their prey against the night sky and catching it on the wing. Made easier by its wide mouth and silent flight. Tracking experiments have shown that feeding activity more than doubles on moonlit nights.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eW1fjCpF7ki","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Male Nightjar showing his massive mouth.\u003c/p>\u003cp >© Valia Pavlou, iNaturalist\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"erKo8Fe5U9N","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Diet\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"e5wRNzBBETn","type":"section","children":["e2C91oCorOs","eh5mlsfD753","eW1fjCpF7ki","erKo8Fe5U9N"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"elhpVVljHXM","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"elRisyKF1bP","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© Alan Shearman, Flickr\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"e11k6tkxmzC","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690469573713,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":3,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690541814169,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":2,"delay":0.25,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690541814169,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":2,"delay":0.25,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}}}},"type":"wFynYMEB_7I","cl":"wFynYMEB_7I"},{"key":"eLwbaEherqm","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Did you know?\u003c/h2>\u003cp >The Latin name for the Nightjar means ‘goatsucker’. They were believed to feed on goat’s milk as they were often found close to them. We now know that they feed on the invertebrates associated with livestock.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pnnWIa61OTk","type":"text","actions":["e11k6tkxmzC"],"cl":"text pnnWIa61OTk"},{"key":"eoS65nT_Znf","type":"section","children":["elhpVVljHXM","elRisyKF1bP","eLwbaEherqm"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"endFOqo97dE","type":"frame","cl":"frame"},{"key":"eLrZVEHHFqQ","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Nightjars are crepuscular (active at dusk and dawn) and nocturnal (active at night). During the day, they rest on the ground, often in a partly shaded location, or perch motionless lengthwise on a branch or a similar low perch. If they are not already in the shade, birds on the ground occasionally turn to face the sun to minimise their shadow. If they feel threatened, they flatten themselves to the ground with their eyes almost closed and don’t move until the threat comes to within 2–5m. \u003c/p>\u003cp >Nightjars can slow their metabolism and enter a state of torpor in cold weather. Captive Nightjars have been observed to maintain a state of torpor for up to eight days without harm, but it is unknown if birds in the wild can do the same.\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"e_aqfWv8j0o","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Behaviour\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"esfSMYZnQoO","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© _paVan_, Flickr\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"eYgoPiGzoJs","type":"section","children":["endFOqo97dE","eLrZVEHHFqQ","e_aqfWv8j0o","esfSMYZnQoO"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ejHQDiNFFaV","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >How the moon influences Nightjars...\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pEUMzEEbbgq","type":"text","cl":"text pEUMzEEbbgq"},{"key":"edNf_kYGofJ","type":"section","children":["ejHQDiNFFaV"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ehBuhEoLdEf","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690465049737,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":10,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690465049737,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":10,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1690466383239,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":7.5,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}}}},"type":"wFynYMEB_7I","cl":"wFynYMEB_7I"},{"key":"eYLZhEqj3UQ","content":{"src":{"key":"xSMtz4jkGI","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/xSMtz4jkGI.jpg","ratio":1}},"type":"image","actions":["ehBuhEoLdEf"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"exFcLE5CdwQ","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Strolicfurlan, Flickr\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"ejSLURxvlUm","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Egg Laying\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"e4a8RT3Fwad","content":{"text":"\u003cp >A 1996 \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4089001\">study\u003c/a> revealed that the phase of the moon influences the timing of egg laying.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >“European Nightjars laying in June will be feeding young in July and also may initiate a second clutch in July. For these birds, which form a substantial proportion (ca. 50% from Nest Record Card Data) of those laying their first clutch in a season, the energetic advantage of laying during a waxing moon could facilitate the production of a second clutch under similar lunar conditions.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >“Typically, they seem to lay their second clutch when the first brood is two weeks old (chicks do not fledge until they are 16-17 days old and are dependent on their parents for a further 16 days or so ... [it has been] shown that a female may switch between mates, leaving her first male with the first brood while taking a second male to assist with the second attempt. Laying at that stage in the previous nesting cycle results in consecutive clutches being laid some 30 days apart, very close to the lunar cycle of 29.5 days.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003cp >The authors concluded that the nightjar’s nesting cycle may have evolved to benefit from full moons at three critical points:\u003c/p>\u003col >\u003cli >At laying;\u003c/li>\u003cli >When the young are one to two weeks old;\u003c/li>\u003cli >When the young are newly independent at six weeks old.\u003c/li>\u003c/ol>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eyohe_DHE6l","content":{"height":125,"tabletHeight":100,"mobileHeight":75,"useBreakpoints":false,"breakpoints":[{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":1024},{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":600},{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":320}],"additionals":[],"easing":"easeOutQuad","duration":200},"type":"w70g7rp7","icons":{"down":[256,512,"M119.5 326.9L3.5 209.1c-4.7-4.7-4.7-12.3 0-17l7.1-7.1c4.7-4.7 12.3-4.7 17 0L128 287.3l100.4-102.2c4.7-4.7 12.3-4.7 17 0l7.1 7.1c4.7 4.7 4.7 12.3 0 17L136.5 327c-4.7 4.6-12.3 4.6-17-.1z"],"up":[256,512,"M136.5 185.1l116 117.8c4.7 4.7 4.7 12.3 0 17l-7.1 7.1c-4.7 4.7-12.3 4.7-17 0L128 224.7 27.6 326.9c-4.7 4.7-12.3 4.7-17 0l-7.1-7.1c-4.7-4.7-4.7-12.3 0-17l116-117.8c4.7-4.6 12.3-4.6 17 .1z"]},"children":["eYLZhEqj3UQ","exFcLE5CdwQ","ejSLURxvlUm","e4a8RT3Fwad"],"cl":"w70g7rp7"},{"key":"e_OPQsgliGZ","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Activity Patterns\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eUqBHo2Yani","content":{"text":"\u003cp >This \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ece3.6412\">study\u003c/a> explored the lunar cycle’s effect on Nightjars’ nocturnal flight activity. They found that average individual flight activity clearly correlated with variation in day length and the lunar cycle. \u003c/p>\u003cul >\u003cli >All individuals showed clear activity peaks around dusk and dawn, confirming the crepuscular behaviour of the species.\u003c/li>\u003cli >They showed an evident change in nocturnal activity during each lunar cycle, with the peak around the full moon, and they were most active from the lunar cycle’s first to last quarter. \u003c/li>\u003cli >Their nocturnal activity strongly depended on the fraction of the illuminated, visible moon and its altitude above the horizon, both in the breeding and non-breeding season. \u003c/li>\u003cli >Activity grew with increased moonlight, the exact amount differing between individuals. Activity levels were also linked to the moon’s altitude above the horizon. Furthermore, their nocturnal activity was significantly higher during the breeding season.\u003c/li>\u003cli >During twilight, activity was higher at dusk than at dawn and higher during the breeding season than during the non-breeding season. This twilight activity was independent of the moon phase.\u003c/li>\u003c/ul>\u003cp >The study indicates that nightjars are sensitive to relatively subtle changes in ambient light conditions and predicts that artificial night lighting, especially skyglow during overcast nights, will influence nightjar behaviour. With artificial lighting mimicking a moonlit night, it could potentially improve foraging conditions. \u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eYvRbBMYWFs","content":{"src":{"key":"UanfTylb3q","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,w=1920/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/UanfTylb3q.jpeg","ratio":2.80368906455863}},"type":"image","cl":"image"},{"key":"eIZ_dNBOIec","content":{"height":125,"tabletHeight":100,"mobileHeight":75,"useBreakpoints":false,"breakpoints":[{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":1024},{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":600},{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":320}],"additionals":[],"easing":"easeOutQuad","duration":200},"type":"w70g7rp7","icons":{"down":[256,512,"M119.5 326.9L3.5 209.1c-4.7-4.7-4.7-12.3 0-17l7.1-7.1c4.7-4.7 12.3-4.7 17 0L128 287.3l100.4-102.2c4.7-4.7 12.3-4.7 17 0l7.1 7.1c4.7 4.7 4.7 12.3 0 17L136.5 327c-4.7 4.6-12.3 4.6-17-.1z"],"up":[256,512,"M136.5 185.1l116 117.8c4.7 4.7 4.7 12.3 0 17l-7.1 7.1c-4.7 4.7-12.3 4.7-17 0L128 224.7 27.6 326.9c-4.7 4.7-12.3 4.7-17 0l-7.1-7.1c-4.7-4.7-4.7-12.3 0-17l116-117.8c4.7-4.6 12.3-4.6 17 .1z"]},"children":["e_OPQsgliGZ","eUqBHo2Yani","eYvRbBMYWFs"],"cl":"w70g7rp7"},{"key":"eev0HJzz6-E","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Migration\u003c/h2>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eXmV-DKMEDi","content":{"text":"\u003cp >The \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.newscientist.com/article/2219944-nightjars-time-their-epic-migration-flights-using-a-lunar-calendar/\">New Scientist\u003c/a> reported on this \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3000456\">study\u003c/a>, which explored the moon’s role in Nightjar migration.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >“Gabriel Norevik at Lund University in Sweden attached tracking devices to 39 European nightjars. Some of these devices measured the birds’ position using GPS, while others tracked their acceleration. This allowed Norevik and his team to record location over the year and flight activity levels night after night.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >“Their results reveal a key role of the full moon in the nightjar’s itinerary, which consists of long night-time flights with daytime resting punctuated by much longer rests at stopover sites. On moonlit nights, the birds’ foraging during migration stopovers more than doubled.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >“Then, as the moon wanes, increasing numbers of nightjars embark on flights along their migration route, peaking at around 11 days after a full moon. Sometimes, all of the tracked birds would migrate simultaneously at this time in a great pulse.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >“The team also found that the birds concentrate their feeding activity at dawn and dusk on most nights, only foraging through the night when there is plenty of moonlight.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >Norevik says he and his team were astounded by how well the activity pattern of the birds followed the cycles of the moon. This is the first time moon phase has been identified as a regulator of migration schedule.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pFZe_5yXlry","type":"text","cl":"text pFZe_5yXlry"},{"key":"eaWfqm0G5-5","content":{"height":125,"tabletHeight":100,"mobileHeight":75,"useBreakpoints":false,"breakpoints":[{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":1024},{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":600},{"collapsedHeight":200,"minWidth":320}],"additionals":[],"easing":"easeOutQuad","duration":200},"type":"w70g7rp7","icons":{"down":[256,512,"M119.5 326.9L3.5 209.1c-4.7-4.7-4.7-12.3 0-17l7.1-7.1c4.7-4.7 12.3-4.7 17 0L128 287.3l100.4-102.2c4.7-4.7 12.3-4.7 17 0l7.1 7.1c4.7 4.7 4.7 12.3 0 17L136.5 327c-4.7 4.6-12.3 4.6-17-.1z"],"up":[256,512,"M136.5 185.1l116 117.8c4.7 4.7 4.7 12.3 0 17l-7.1 7.1c-4.7 4.7-12.3 4.7-17 0L128 224.7 27.6 326.9c-4.7 4.7-12.3 4.7-17 0l-7.1-7.1c-4.7-4.7-4.7-12.3 0-17l116-117.8c4.7-4.6 12.3-4.6 17 .1z"]},"children":["eev0HJzz6-E","eXmV-DKMEDi"],"cl":"w70g7rp7"},{"key":"e46kyck7avC","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1670408111108,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.5,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1670408111108,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.5,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1670408111108,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.5,"delay":0,"preset":"fadeIn","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuad"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"e2LPJ4DrbdM","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >Spotting them\u003c/h2>\u003cp >\u003cstrong >When to see them: \u003cbr />\u003c/strong>late May to mid-August \u003c/p>\u003cp >Remember to \u003ca target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.suffolkbis.org.uk/record/node/7107\">record your sighting\u003c/a> if you hear or spot them in Suffolk!\u003c/p>"},"preset":"pi6pMyUIX9G","type":"text","actions":["e46kyck7avC"],"cl":"text pi6pMyUIX9G"},{"key":"eCKSlvGhcrM","content":{"text":"\u003cp >© Justina Baigyte, Flickr\u003c/p>"},"preset":"plmt-W-4pD6","type":"text","cl":"text plmt-W-4pD6"},{"key":"eowuHB-ecPp","content":{"speed":40},"type":"w1c3kqru4r-1p7v","children":["e2LPJ4DrbdM","eCKSlvGhcrM"],"cl":"w1c3kqru4r-1p7v"},{"key":"eimy0coyKlD","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Created by: Suffolk Biodiversity Information Service\u003c/p>","textEditorHeight":434},"preset":"pfT4aBnfi","type":"text","cl":"text pfT4aBnfi"},{"key":"edM0DF89s6q","content":{"link":{"mode":2,"href":"https://www.suffolkbis.org.uk","target":true}},"type":"external-link","cl":"external-link"},{"key":"erRecFHyahx","content":{"src":"XhRcMLTWzq"},"type":"image","actions":["edM0DF89s6q"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"eYTG1Xj6_GS","content":{"html":"\u003c!-- Default Statcounter code for Species of the month\nhttp://vev.suffolkbis.org.uk -->\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">\nvar sc_project=12754239; \nvar sc_invisible=1; \nvar sc_security=\"d219b6ae\"; \n\u003c/script>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\"\nsrc=\"https://www.statcounter.com/counter/counter.js\"\nasync>\u003c/script>\n\u003cnoscript>\u003cdiv class=\"statcounter\">\u003ca title=\"Web Analytics\"\nhref=\"https://statcounter.com/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg\nclass=\"statcounter\"\nsrc=\"https://c.statcounter.com/12754239/0/d219b6ae/1/\"\nalt=\"Web Analytics\"\nreferrerPolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\">\u003c/a>\u003c/div>\u003c/noscript>\n\u003c!-- End of Statcounter Code -->"},"type":"wdbrcHrdHj","cl":"wdbrcHrdHj"},{"key":"e7ezYWDzD4H","type":"section","children":["eimy0coyKlD","erRecFHyahx","eYTG1Xj6_GS"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"p8RnfodIF6t","children":["eZZqVHvQuHP","eg07xlkY0DK","e_nsPBOxXdn","ehMbAexqMxL","eiPzCXvjRB9","eINASCWQn_e","eWXZqZgaUBO","ezmPn4pNoGE","eEAK_8Hm8xi","eYF0OpfOvdu","eTaestTJWNy","emPJeQKUBiC","eJRJexkua22","eTLRk549YzN","ex7sWqcrIEM","eE1vtUqXrZ3","euSA1bYaERP","e5wRNzBBETn","eoS65nT_Znf","eYgoPiGzoJs","edNf_kYGofJ","eyohe_DHE6l","eIZ_dNBOIec","eaWfqm0G5-5","eowuHB-ecPp","e7ezYWDzD4H"]},{"key":"fixed"}],"pages":[{"key":"p0t8ouBiE0O","title":"04 Ap 2022 – bee-fly","desc":"Find out more about Suffolk Biodiversity Information Service's Species of the month for April 2022 - the Bee-fly","cover":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,h=628,w=1200,fit=crop/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/IqHK4cor69.png","path":"04-ap-2022--bee-fly"},{"key":"p3YV4gnr4Gn","title":"11 Nov 2023 – Magpie Inkcap","desc":"A dark and fleeting beauty, with an iridescent background and fluffy white patches, the Magpie Inkcap is our Species of the Month for November 2023","cover":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,h=628,w=1200,fit=crop/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/EBURYouSWY.jpg","path":"november--2023--magpie-inkcap"},{"key":"p5UirGZmJQ0","title":"08 Aug 2023 – Grayling","desc":"Meet the SBIS Species of the Month for August 2023 - A master of disguise, the Grayling butterfly.","cover":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,h=628,w=1200,fit=crop/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/rcrWAW6KPU.jpg","path":"august-2023--grayling"},{"key":"p5mZDY1-iTA","title":"10 Oct 2022 - Firecrest","desc":"Cute and colourful... find out more about one of the UK's tiniest birds in the SBIS October Species of the month. 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Read all about the Brook Lamprey (Lampetra planeri) in November's Species of the Month.","cover":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,h=628,w=1200,fit=crop/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/g8OjhYeoFj.png","path":"november-2022---brook-lamprey"},{"key":"p7TNJd3hKTl","title":"Newsletter 23 Summer 2023","desc":"","cover":"/image/social/undefined/p7TNJd3hKTl/v/0.jpg","path":"23-summer-2023"},{"key":"p8RnfodIF6t","title":"07 Jul 2023 – Nightjar","desc":"Mysterious and cryptic, our Species of the Month for July is the Nightjar...","cover":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,h=628,w=1200,fit=crop/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/GLzQvYFOnO.jpg","path":"07-jul-2023--nightjar"},{"key":"p9BT_BPt0qm","title":"04 Apr 2024 – Hawthorn Shieldbug","desc":"Meet our species of the month for April 2024, the Hawthorn Shieldbug","cover":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,h=628,w=1200,fit=crop/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/eDBiEH34tE.jpg","path":"april--2024--hawthorn-shieldbug"},{"key":"pAaB-L65CU5","title":"09 Sep 2023 – Oak apple galls","desc":"Discover our September Species of the Month, the Oak Apple Gall and the tiny wasp that causes it.","cover":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,h=628,w=1200,fit=crop/private/0Ilto3pSUgXgWUka9EACZTpTyHj1/image/P9qqw8ugwl.jpg","path":"september-2023--oak-apple-galls"},{"key":"pAkenN41ayL","title":"08 Aug 2022 - Hornet moth","desc":"Read all about our species of the month for August, the amazing mimic Hornet Moth","cover":"/image/social/undefined/pAkenN41ayL/v/0.jpg","path":"august-2022---hornet-moth"},{"key":"pAm9X0kravu","title":"Newsletter 20 Summer 2022","desc":"","cover":"/image/social/undefined/pAm9X0kravu/v/0.jpg","path":"20-summer-2022"},{"key":"pBvAB6dL7XW","title":"Newsletter 25 Spring 2024","desc":"","cover":"/image/social/undefined/pBvAB6dL7XW/v/0.jpg","path":"25-spring-2024"},{"key":"pDqMkfSiab3","title":"02 Feb 2023 - European Eel","desc":"February's fascinating Species of the Month is the European Eel. 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